PHLEGRA

PHLEGRA
PHLEGRA
urbs Macedoniae, in qua Gigantes olim cum caelestibus conflixêre, et ab Hercule exstincti erant. Hanc Eudoxis postea Pallenen dictam scribit, Steph. Silius l. 12. v. 143.
Tradunt, Herculeâ prostratos mole Gigantes
Tellurem iniectam quatere, et spiramine anhelô
Torreri late campos, quotiesque minatur
Rumpere compagem impositam, expallescere caelum.
Ubi loquitur de Phlegraeo Campo, qui est in Campania iuxta Cumas. De quo vide Cluverium Ital. Ant. p. 1144. Hinc Phlegraeus. Ovid. Met. l. 10. v. 151.
—— Prius cecini plectrô graviore Gigantes.
Sparsaque Phlegraeis victricia fulgura campis.
Propertius, l. 3. El. 10. v. 37.
Issent Phlegraeô melius tua funera campô.
Poetae fabulâ hâc in comparationibus suis plerumque utuntur. Lucan. l. 7. v. 145.
Non aliter Phlegrâ, rabidos tollente Gigantes,
Martius incaluit Siculis incudibus ensis:
Et rubuit flammis iterum Neptunia cuspis,
Spiculaque extensô Paean Pythone recoxit,
Pallas Gorgoneos diffudit in aegida crines,
Pallenaea Iovi mutavit fulmina Cyclops.
Statius, Theb. l. 2. v. 595.
Non aliter (Geticae si fas est credere Phlegrae)
Armatum immensis Briareus stetis aethera contra,
Hinc Phoebi pharetras, hinc torvae Palladis angues.
Inde Pelethroniam praefixâ cuspide pinum
Martis, ac hinc lassô mutata Pyracmone temnene
Fulmina, cum toto ne quicquam obnixus Olympo
Tot queritur cessare manus.
Idem, l. 1. Achilleidos, v. 484.
Sic cum palantes Phlegrae in castra coirent
Caelicolae, iamque Odrysiam Gradivus in hastam
Surgeret, et Lybicos Tritonia tolleret angues,
Ingentemque manu curvavit Delius arcum,
Stabat anhela metu solum Natura Tonantem
Respiciens, quando illi hiemes, tonitrusque vocaret,
Nubibus, igniferam qui fulmina posceret Aetnam.
Silius, l. 9. v. 304.
Tollitur immensus deserta ad sidera clamor,
Phlegraeis quantas effundit ad aethera voces
Terrigenûm campis exercitus, aut sator aevi
Quantâ Cyclopas nova fulmina voce poposcit
Iuppiter, exstructis vidit cum montibus ire
Magnanimos raptum caelestia regna Gigantes.
Et l. ult. v. 652.
Qualis odoratis descendens Liber ab Indis,
Egit pampineos frenatâ tigride currus:
Aut cum Phlegraeis, confectâ mole Gigantum
Incessit, campis tangens Tirynthius astra.
Val. Flac. l. 6. v. 168.
——— Tremebundaque pulsu
Natat humus; quatit ut saevo cum fulmine Phlegram
Iuppiter, atque imis Typhoea verberat arvis.
Atque haec poetae. Theagenes vero et Eudoxus, qui ad historicam fidem pugnam hanc reducere conantur; Pallenen, inquiunt, quae veteri nomine Phlegra vocabatur, homines tenuerunt, quibus immanitas et superbia morum, Gigantum cognomen peperit. In hos, ineunte proelium Hercule, fulmina de caelo missa sunt, donec ii fugere coacti sunt, et ingenti victoriâ superati. Ex hac re rumor in vulgus ortus, ut Gigantes moverint bellum Diis. Id autem ideo fictum est, quoniam ea regio tota sulphre plurimô scatet. Hinc fit, ut ventorum impulsu excitetur passim ignis, qui, cum exitum e cavernis natura expetat, dum luctatur assidue, terram tandem quatit, et commovet, exuritque frequenter; unde et nomen sortitur, φλέγω enim Graece exurere, ardereque significat Nic. Lloydius.

Hofmann J. Lexicon universale. 1698.

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